INDIA is our motherland. We also call it 'BHARAT VARSHA'. It is one of the ancient civilisations in the WORLD. It has achieved multi-faceted socio-economic progress during the last five decades. It has moved forward displaying remarkable progress in the field of agriculture,industry,technology and overall economic development.

INDIA'S NEIGHBOURS

• Occupies an important strategic position in South Asia.


• Shares its land boundaries with Pakistan and Afghanistan in the northwest,China,Nepal and Bhutan in the north and Myanmar and Bangladesh in the east.


• Our southern neighbour across the sea are the two island countries Sri Lanka and Maldives.

SIZE

• Has an area of 3.28 million square km.
• Seventh largest country of the world.
• Has a land boundary of about 15,200 km.

LOCATION

The geography of India is diverse, with landscape ranging from snow-capped mountain ranges to deserts, plains, rainforests, hills, and plateaus. India comprises most of the Indian subcontinent situated on the Indian Plate, the northerly portion of the Indo-Australian Plate. Having a coastline of over 7,000 kilometres (4,350 mi), most of India lies on a peninsula in Southern Asia that protrudes into the Indian Ocean. India is bounded in the southwest by the Arabian Sea and in the east and southeast by the Bay of Bengal.

EXTENSION


• Lies in the Northern Hemisphere.



• The mainland extends between Latitudes 8° 4' N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E.



• The Tropic of Cancer (23°30’N) divides the country into almost two equal parts.



• To the southeast and southwest of the mainland lies Andaman and Nicobar islands and Lakshadweep islands respectively.

DO YOU KNOW ?

The southernmost point of the INDIAN UNION -INDIRA POINT got submerged under the sea water in 2004 during the Tsunami.

SOMETHING TO KNOW

INDIA has selected 82⁰30’E longitude as the STANDARD MERIDIAN OF INDIA. Its local time is the STANDARD TIME for the whole country.

STANDARD MERIDIAN OF INDIA



INDIAN HERITAGE






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Indian Fashion

INDIAN FASHION GAME

LAND AND PEOPLE

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THE PHYSICAL DIVISIONS

The Himalayas form the highest mountain range in the world, extending 2,500 km over northern India. Bounded by the Indus river in the west and the Brahmaputra in the east, the three parallel ranges, the Himadri, Himachal and Shivaliks have deep canyons gorged by the rivers flowing into the Gangetic plain.
The western Himalayas, with the Kashmir, Kulu and Manali valleys, include the lofty highland plateau of Ladakh. The central Himalayas extend over northern Uttar Pradesh and Nepal, while the eastern Himalayas stretch into North Bengal, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. In the eastern areas of the country are the Purvanchal mountains which consist of Patkai Bum, Naga, Garo, Khasi and Jaintia and the Mizo and Lushai hills, named after the tribes that inhabit them.

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Indo-Gangetic plain

The Indo-Gangetic plains are large floodplains of the Indus and the Ganga-Brahmaputra river systems. They run parallel to the Himalaya mountains, from Jammu and Kashmir in the west to Assam in the east, draining the states of Punjab, Haryana, parts of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal. The plains encompass an area of 700,000 km² (270,000 mile²) and vary in width through their length by several hundred kilometres. Major rivers that form a part of this system are the Ganga (Ganges) and Indus River along with their tributaries; Beas, Yamuna, Gomti, Ravi, Chambal, Sutlej and Chenab.

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DESERT

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TheDesert
Thar Desert

Jaisalmer in Rajasthan is situated in the heart of the Thar Desert. The region is arid and dusty.The Thar Desert (also known as the Great Indian Desert) is a hot desert that forms a significant portion of western India. Spread over four states in India—Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Gujarat it covers an area of 208,110 km² (80,350 mile²). The desert continues into Pakistan as the Cholistan Desert. Most of the Thar Desert is situated in Rajasthan, covering 61% of its geographic area. Most of the desert is rocky, with a small part of the extreme west of the desert being sandy.




THE PLATEAU REGION
The Central Highlands are composed of three main plateaus—the Malwa Plateau in the west, the Deccan Plateau in the south, (covering most of the Indian peninsula), and the Chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand towards the east.

EAST COAST
The Eastern Coastal Plain is a wide stretch of land lying between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. It stretches from Tamil Nadu in the south to West Bengal in the north. Deltas of many of India's rivers form a major portion of these plains. The Mahanadi, Godavari, Kaveri and Krishna rivers drain these plains.

WEST COAST

The Western Coastal Plain is a narrow strip of land sandwiched between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. The strip begins in Gujarat in the north and extends across the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka and Kerala. The plains are narrow, and range from 50 to 100 km (30 to 60 miles) in width.
The coast is divided into three regions. The northern region of Maharashtra and Goa is known as the Konkan Coast, the central region of Karnataka is known as the Kanara Coast and the southern coastline of Kerala is known as the Malabar Coast. Vegetation in this region is mostly deciduous. The Malabar Coast has its own unique ecoregion known as the Malabar Coast moist forests.

THE ISLANDS

India has two major offshore island possessions: the Lakshadweep islands and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Both these island groups are administered by the Union government of India as Union Territories.
The Lakshadweep islands lie 200 to 300 km (124 to 186 miles) off the coast of Kerala in the Arabian Sea. It consists of twelve coral atolls, three coral reefs, and five banks. Ten of these islands are inhabited.
The Andaman & Nicobar Islands are located between 6o and 14o North latitude and 92o and 94o East longitude.[13] The Andaman and Nicobar islands consist of 572 isles which lie in the Bay of Bengal, near the Myanmar coast. It is located 1255 km (780 miles) from Kolkata (Calcutta)

Half Yearly Sample Paper S.ST MM 60

ClASS V

Answer the following questions:

1) Write any two things that a child can learn in a family. 2

2) What does a family do when one of its members faces problems? 2

3) What do you means by migration? 2

4) What is shifting agriculture? 2

5) Name the earliest form of shelter for man. Name any one of them. 2

6) What information do we get from Bhimbetka Rock Shelter? 2

7) Which family member do you admire the most and why? 2

8) ‘Kosi River is known as Bihar’s Sorrow’. why? 2

9) Mention two benefits of a good neighbourhood. 2

10) What is a family tradition? 2

11) Why were Indian scared to travel abroad in earlier times 2

12) Why stilt houses are mostly built in those areas which are close to water bodies? 2

13) Name them:

a) Any two natural disaster 2

b) Any two man-made disaster

14) What types of houses are made in regions of high temperature? 2

15) The police encourage people to follow the neighbourhood watch plan. Explain. 2

16) Why is it important to be friendly with one’s neighbours? 3

17) How does migration help in creating a unique culture? 3

18) How do younger member learn family values? 3

19) What is seasonal migration? 3

20) What are the reasons for regional variation in houses? 3

21) Write a note on the architecture of houses in Goa. 3

22) What is the importance of family? 4

OR

Explain the problems faced by people who migrate.

23) What are the responsibilities of good neighbours? 4

OR

List the main reason responsible for migration.

24) How can family help in nurturing the special talent of its member. Give example also. 4

OR

Give the basic feature of houses on hills and sea coasts.

SOCIAL STUDIES

SAMPLE PAPER CLASS VI

Ques. Answer the following in 10 -20 words: (1X6=6)

Q1. Name the two motions of the earth.

Q2. What did the army of the king comprise of?

Q3. Name the book written by Megasthenes.

Q4. Define a leap year.

Q5. Name the two religions that became popular during the time of Janapadas and Mahajanapadas.

Q6. Name the lake built by Chandragaupta Maurya.

Ques. Answer the following in 50-60 words: (10X3=30)

Q7. Write the three characteristics of parallels of latitudes.

Q8. Write the three features of the Indus Valley Civilization which tell us that it was an urban civilization.

Q9. Briefly explain the social life of the people in Magadha.

Q10. What were the effects of the Kalinga War?

Q11. Briefly explain the three heat zones of the earth.

Q12. What is the role of the people at the time of the general elections?

Q13. Describe the religious beliefs of the people of the Indus Valley Civilization.

Q14. Distinguish between latitudes and longitudes.

Q15. What were the main reasons for the success of the Magadha?

Q16. Mention the sources of history of the Mauryan period.

Ques. Answer the following in 80-100 words: (7X4=28)

Q17. Distinguish between Summer Solstice and Winter Solstice.

Q18. Describe the structure and importance of the Great Bath.

Q19. Mention ant four remarkable achievements of the Neolithic man.

Q20. With the help of a diagram explain how the days and nights occur on the earth.

Q21. Name the phases into which stone age can be divided. Also explain the each stage briefly.

Q22. Mention any four goals of the democracy.

Q23. Define democracy. Briefly explain the three levels of the government.